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12-bit, 170 msps/210 msps/250 msps, 1.8 v analog-to-digital converter ad9634 rev. 0 information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. specifications subject to change without notice. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062-9106, u.s.a. tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com fax: 781.461.3113 ?2011 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. features snr = 69.7 dbfs at 185 mhz a in and 250 msps sfdr = 87 dbc at 185 mhz a in and 250 msps ?150.6 dbfs/hz input noise at 185 mhz, ?1 dbfs a in and 250 msps total power consumption: 360 mw at 250 msps 1.8 v supply voltages lvds (ansi-644 levels) outputs integer 1-to-8 input clock divider (625 mhz maximum input) sample rates of up to 250 msps if sampling frequencies of up to 350 mhz internal adc voltage reference flexible analog input range 1.4 v p-p to 2.0 v p-p (1.75 v p-p nominal) adc clock duty cycle stabilizer serial port control energy-saving power-down modes user-configurable, built-in self test (bist) capability applications communications diversity radio systems multimode digital receivers (3g) td-scdma, wimax, w-cdma, cdma2000, gsm, edge, lte i/q demodulation systems smart antenna systems general-purpose software radios ultrasound equipment broadband data applications functional block diagram 12 reference serial port sclk sdio csb clk+ clk? 1-to-8 clock divider ad9634 vin+ d0/d1 d10/d11 dco or vin? vcm a v dd agnd dr v dd . . . parallel ddr lvds and drivers pipeline 12-bit adc 09996-001 figure 1. general description the ad9634 is a 12-bit, analog-to-digital converter (adc) with sampling speeds of up to 250 msps. the ad9634 is designed to support communications applications where low cost, small size, wide bandwidth, and versatility are desired. the adc core features a multistage, differential pipelined architecture with integrated output error correction logic. the adc features wide bandwidth inputs that can support a variety of user-selectable input ranges. an integrated voltage reference eases design considerations. a duty cycle stabilizer (dcs) is provided to compensate for variations in the adc clock duty cycle, allowing the converter to maintain excellent performance. the adc output data are routed directly to the external 12-bit lvds output port. flexible power-down options allow significant power savings, when desired. programming for setup and control is accomplished using a 3-wire, spi-compatible serial interface. the ad9634 is available in a 32-lead lfcsp and is specified over the industrial temperature range of ?40c to +85c. this product is protected by a u.s. patent. product highlights 1. integrated 12-bit, 170 msps/210 msps/250 msps adc. 2. fast overrange and threshold detect. 3. proprietary differential input maintains excellent snr performance for input frequencies of up to 350 mhz. 4. 3-pin, 1.8 v spi port for register programming and readback. 5. pin compatibility with the ad9642 , allowing a simple migration up to 14 bits, and with the ad6672 .
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 2 of 32 table of contents features .............................................................................................. 1 ? applications....................................................................................... 1 ? functional block diagram .............................................................. 1 ? general description ......................................................................... 1 ? product highlights ........................................................................... 1 ? revision history ............................................................................... 2 ? specifications..................................................................................... 3 ? adc dc specifications................................................................. 3 ? adc ac specifications ................................................................. 4 ? digital specifications ................................................................... 6 ? switching specifications ................................................................ 7 ? timing specifications .................................................................. 8 ? absolute maximum ratings............................................................ 9 ? thermal characteristics .............................................................. 9 ? esd caution.................................................................................. 9 ? pin configuration and function descriptions........................... 10 ? typical performance characteristics ........................................... 12 ? equivalent circuits ......................................................................... 18 ? theory of operation ...................................................................... 19 ? adc architecture ...................................................................... 19 ? analog input considerations ................................................... 19 ? voltage reference ....................................................................... 21 ? clock input considerations...................................................... 21 ? power dissipation and standby mode .................................... 23 ? digital outputs ........................................................................... 23 ? adc overrange (or)................................................................ 23 ? serial port interface (spi).............................................................. 24 ? configuration using the spi..................................................... 24 ? hardware interface..................................................................... 24 ? spi accessible features.............................................................. 25 ? memory map .................................................................................. 26 ? reading the memory map register table............................... 26 ? memory map register table..................................................... 27 ? applications information .............................................................. 29 ? design guidelines ...................................................................... 29 ? outline dimensions ....................................................................... 30 ? ordering guide .......................................................................... 30 ? revision history 7/11revision 0: initial version
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 3 of 32 specifications adc dc specifications avdd = 1.8 v, drvdd = 1.8 v, maximum sample rate, vin = ?1.0 dbfs differential input, 1.75 v p-p full scale input range, dcs enabled, unless otherwise noted. table 1. ad9634-170 ad9634-210 ad9634-250 parameter temperature min typ max min typ max min typ max unit resolution full 12 12 12 bits accuracy no missing codes full guarant eed guaranteed guaranteed offset error full 11 11 11 mv gain error full +2/?11 +1/?8 +3/?7 %fsr differential nonlinearity (dnl) full 0.4 0.4 0.4 lsb 25c 0.22 0.22 0.22 lsb integral nonlinearity (inl) 1 full 0.4 0.4 0.6 lsb 25c 0.2 0.2 0.27 lsb temperature drift offset error full 7 7 7 ppm/c gain error full 55 58 75 ppm/c input referred noise vref = 1.0 v 25c 0.531 0.391 0.407 lsb rms analog input input span full 1.75 1.75 1.75 v p-p input capacitance 2 full 2.5 2.5 2.5 pf input resistance 3 full 20 20 20 k input common-mode voltage full 0.9 0.9 0.9 v power supplies supply voltage avdd full 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 v drvdd full 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 v supply current i avdd 1 full 123 134 129 139 136 145 ma i drvdd 1 full 50 54 56 60 64 68 ma power consumption sine wave input (drvdd = 1.8 v) full 311 340 333 360 360 385 mw standby power 4 full 50 50 50 mw power-down power full 5 5 5 mw 1 measured with a low input frequency, full-scale sine wave. 2 input capacitance refers to the effective capacitance between one differential input pin and its complement. 3 input resistance refers to the effective resistance between one differential input pin and its complement. 4 standby power is measured with a dc input and the clk pin inactive (that is, set to avdd or agnd).
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 4 of 32 adc ac specifications avdd = 1.8 v, drvdd = 1.8 v, maximum sample rate, vin = ?1.0 dbfs differential input, 1.75 v p-p full-scale input range, unless otherwise noted. table 2. ad9634-170 ad9634-210 ad9634-250 parameter 1 temperature min typ max min typ max min typ max unit signal-to-noise ratio (snr) f in = 30 mhz 25c 70.3 70.2 70.1 dbfs f in = 90 mhz 25c 70.1 70.1 70.0 dbfs full 69.1 68.8 dbfs f in = 140 mhz 25c 69.9 70.0 69.9 dbfs f in = 185 mhz 25c 69.5 69.6 69.7 dbfs full 67.8 dbfs f in = 220 mhz 25c 69.2 69.2 69.3 dbfs signal-to-noise and distortion (sinad) f in = 30 mhz 25c 69.4 69.2 69.2 dbfs f in = 90 mhz 25c 69.2 69.1 69.0 dbfs full 68.1 67.8 dbfs f in = 140 mhz 25c 68.9 69.1 69.0 dbfs f in = 185 mhz 25c 68.5 68.7 68.7 dbfs full 66.7 dbfs f in = 220 mhz 25c 68.3 68.3 68.4 dbfs effective number of bits (enob) f in = 30 mhz 25c 11.2 11.2 11.2 bits f in = 90 mhz 25c 11.2 11.2 11.2 bits f in = 140 mhz 25c 11.1 11.2 11.2 bits f in = 185 mhz 25c 11.1 11.1 11.1 bits f in = 220 mhz 25c 11.0 11.0 11.1 bits worst second or third harmonic f in = 30 mhz 25c ?96 ?96 ?90 dbc f in = 90 mhz 25c ?95 ?92 ?89 dbc full ?83 ?80 dbc f in = 140 mhz 25c ?97 ?94 ?91 dbc f in = 185 mhz 25c ?86 ?95 ?87 dbc full ?80 dbc f in = 220 mhz 25c ?84 ?84 ?93 dbc spurious-free dynamic range (sfdr) f in = 30 mhz 25c 96 96 90 dbc f in = 90 mhz 25c 95 92 89 dbc full 83 80 dbc f in = 140 mhz 25c 97 94 91 dbc f in = 185 mhz 25c 86 95 87 dbc full 80 dbc f in = 220 mhz 25c 84 84 93 dbc worst other (harmonic or spur) f in = 30 mhz 25c ?98 ?96 ?95 dbc f in = 90 mhz 25c ?97 ?95 ?95 dbc full ?87 ?83 dbc f in = 140 mhz 25c ?98 ?97 ?96 dbc f in = 185 mhz 25c ?95 ?95 ?94 dbc full ?81 dbc f in = 220 mhz 25c ?96 ?95 ?94 dbc
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 5 of 32 ad9634-170 ad9634-210 ad9634-250 parameter 1 temperature min typ max min typ max min typ max unit two-tone sfdr f in = 184.1 mhz, 187.1 mhz (?7 dbfs) 25c 87 89 88 dbc full power bandwidth 2 25c 350 350 350 mhz noise bandwidth 3 25c 1000 1000 1000 mhz 1 see the an-835 application note , understanding high speed adc testing and evaluation , for a complete set of definitions. 2 full power bandwidth is the bandwidth of operation where typical adc performance can be achieved. 3 noise bandwidth is the ?3 db bandwidth for the adc inputs across which noise may enter the adc and is not attenuated internall y.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 6 of 32 digital specifications avdd = 1.8 v, drvdd = 1.8 v, maximum sample rate, vin = ?1.0 dbfs differential input, 1.0 v internal reference, dcs enabled, un less otherwise noted. table 3. parameter temperature min typ max unit differential clock inputs (clk+, clk?) logic compliance cmos/lvds/lvpecl internal common-mode bias full 0.9 v differential input voltage full 0.3 3.6 v p-p input voltage range full agnd avdd v input common-mode range full 0.9 1.4 v high level input current full 10 22 a low level input current full ?22 ?10 a input capacitance full 4 pf input resistance full 12 15 18 k logic input (csb) 1 high level input voltage full 1.22 2.1 v low level input voltage full 0 0.6 v high level input current full 50 71 a low level input current full ?5 +5 a input resistance full 26 k input capacitance full 2 pf logic input (sclk) 2 high level input voltage full 1.22 2.1 v low level input voltage full 0 0.6 v high level input current full 45 70 a low level input current full ?5 +5 a input resistance full 26 k input capacitance full 2 pf logic inputs (sdio) 1 high level input voltage full 1.22 2.1 v low level input voltage full 0 0.6 v high level input current full 45 70 a low level input current full ?5 +5 a input resistance full 26 k input capacitance full 5 pf digital outputs lvds data and or outputs (or+, or?) differential output voltage (v od ), ansi mode full 250 350 450 mv output offset voltage (v os ), ansi mode full 1.15 1.25 1.35 v differential output voltage (v od ), reduced swing mode full 150 200 280 mv output offset voltage (v os ), reduced swing mode full 1.15 1.25 1.35 v 1 pull-up. 2 pull-down.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 7 of 32 switching specifications table 4. ad9634-170 ad9634-210 ad9634-250 parameter temperature min typ max min typ max min typ max unit clock input parameters 1 input clock rate full 625 625 625 mhz conversion rate 2 dcs enabled full 40 170 40 210 40 250 msps dcs disabled full 10 170 10 210 10 250 msps clk period, divide-by-1 mode (t clk ) full 5.8 4.8 4 ns clk pulse width high (t ch ) divide-by-1 mode, dcs enabled full 2.61 2.9 3.19 2.16 2.4 2.64 1.8 2.0 2.2 ns divide-by-1 mode, dcs disabled full 2.76 2.9 3.05 2.28 2.4 2.52 1.9 2.0 2.1 ns divide-by-2 mode through divide-by-8 mode full 0.8 0.8 0.8 ns aperture delay (t a ) full 1.0 1.0 1.0 ns aperture uncertainty (jitter, t j ) full 0.1 0.1 0.1 ps rms data output parameters 1 data propagation delay (t pd ) full 4.1 4.7 5.2 4.1 4.7 5.2 4.1 4.7 5.2 ns dco propagation delay (t dco ) full 4.7 5.3 5.8 4.7 5.3 5.8 4.7 5.3 5.8 ns dco to data skew (t skew ) full 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.7 ns pipeline delay (latency) full 10 10 10 cycles wake-up time (from standby) full 10 10 10 s wake-up time (from power-down) full 100 100 100 s out-of-range recovery time full 3 3 3 cycles 1 see . figure 2 2 conversion rate is the clock rate after the divider. timing diagram vin clk+ clk? dco? dco+ d0/d1 (lsb) even/odd d10/d11 (msb) d0 n ? 10 d1 n ? 10 d0 n ? 9 d1 n ? 9 d0 n ? 8 d1 n ? 8 d0 n ? 7 d1 n ? 7 d0 n ? 6 d10 n ? 10 d11 n ? 10 d10 n ? 9 d11 n ? 9 d10 n ? 8 d11 n ? 8 d10 n ? 7 d11 n ? 7 d10 n ? 6 n ? 1 n n + 1 n + 2 n + 3 n + 4 n + 5 t a t ch t pd t skew t dco t clk 09996-002 figure 2. even/odd lvds mode data output timing
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 8 of 32 timing specifications table 5. parameter test conditions/comments min typ max unit spi timing requirements see figure 58 for the spi timing diagram t ds setup time between the data and th e rising edge of sclk 2 ns t dh hold time between the data and the rising edge of sclk 2 ns t clk period of the sclk 40 ns t s setup time between csb and sclk 2 ns t h hold time between csb and sclk 2 ns t high minimum period that sclk should be in a logic high state 10 ns t low minimum period that sclk should be in a logic low state 10 ns t en_sdio time required for the sdio pin to switch from an input to an output relative to the sclk falling edge (not shown in figure 58 ) 10 ns t dis_sdio time required for the sdio pin to switch from an output to an input relative to the sclk rising edge (not shown in figure 58 ) 10 ns
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 9 of 32 absolute maximum ratings thermal characteristics table 6. parameter rating electrical avdd to agnd ?0.3 v to +2.0 v drvdd to agnd ?0.3 v to +2.0 v vin+, vin? to agnd ?0.3 v to avdd + 0.2 v clk+, clk? to agnd ?0.3 v to avdd + 0.2v vcm to agnd ?0.3 v to avdd + 0.2 v csb to agnd ?0.3 v to drvdd + 0.3 v sclk to agnd ?0.3 v to drvdd + 0.3 v sdio to agnd ?0.3 v to drvdd + 0.3 v d0/d1 through d10/d11 to agnd ?0.3 v to drvdd + 0.3 v dco+/dco? to agnd ?0.3 v to drvdd + 0.3 v or+/or? to agnd ?0.3 v to drvdd + 0.3 v environmental operating temperature range (ambient) ?40c to +85c maximum junction temperature under bias 150c storage temperature range (ambient) ?65c to +125c the exposed paddle must be soldered to the ground plane for the lfcsp package. soldering the exposed paddle to the customer board increases the reliability of the solder joints, maximizing the thermal capability of the package. table 7. thermal resistance package type airflow velocity (m/sec) ja 1, 2 jc 1, 3 jb 1, 4 unit 0 37.1 3.1 20.7 c/w 1.0 32.4 c/w 32-lead lfcsp 5 mm 5 mm (cp-32-12) 2.0 29.1 c/w 1 per jedec 51-7, plus jede c 25-5 2s2p test board. 2 per jedec jesd51-2 (still air) or jedec jesd51-6 (moving air). 3 per mil-std 883, method 1012.1. 4 per jedec jesd51-8 (still air). typical ja is specified for a 4-layer pcb with solid ground plane. as shown in table 7 , airflow increases heat dissipation, which reduces ja . in addition, metal in direct contact with the package leads from metal traces, through holes, ground, and power planes reduces the ja . stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. esd caution
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 10 of 32 pin configuration and fu nction descriptions 24 csb 23 sclk 22 sdio 21 dco+ 20 dco? 19 d10+/d11+ (msb) 18 d10?/d11? (msb) 17 drvdd 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 clk+ clk? avdd or? or+ d0?/d1? (lsb) d0+/d1+ (lsb) drvdd 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 d2?/d3? d2+/d3+ d4?/d5? d4+/d5+ d6?/d7? d6+/d7+ d8?/d9? d8+/d9+ 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 avdd avdd vin+ vin? avdd avdd vcm dnc ad9634 top view (not to scale) notes 1. dnc = do not connect. do not connect to this pin. 2. the exposed thermal p addle on the bottom of the package provides the analog ground for the part. this exposed paddle must be connected to ground for proper operation. 09996-003 figure 3. pin configuration table 8. pin function descriptions pin no. mnemonic type description adc power supplies 8, 17 drvdd supply digital output driver supply (1.8 v nominal). 3, 27, 28, 31, 32 avdd supply analog power supply (1.8 v nominal). 0 agnd, exposed paddle ground analog ground. the exposed thermal paddle on the bottom of the package provides the analog ground for the part. this exposed paddle must be connected to ground for proper operation. 25 dnc do no connect. do not connect to this pin. adc analog 30 vin+ input differential analog input pin (+). 29 vin? input differential analog input pin (?). 26 vcm output common-mode level bias output for analog inputs. this pin should be decoupled to ground using a 0.1 f capacitor. 1 clk+ input adc clock inputtrue. 2 clk? input adc clock inputcomplement. digital outputs 5 or+ output overrangetrue. 4 or? output overrangecomplement. 7 d0+/d1+ (lsb) output ddr lvds output data 0/data 1true (lsb). 6 d0?/d1? (lsb) output ddr lvds output data 0/data 1complement (lsb). 10 d2+/d3+ output ddr lvds output data 2/data 3true. 9 d2?/d3? output ddr lvds output data 2/data 3complement. 12 d4+/d5+ output ddr lvds output data 4/data 5true. 11 d4?/d5? output ddr lvds output data 4/data 5complement. 14 d6+/d7+ output ddr lvds output data 6/data 7true. 13 d6?/d7? output ddr lvds output data 6/data 7complement. 16 d8+/d9+ output ddr lvds output data 8/data 9true. 15 d8?/d9? output ddr lvds output data 8/data 9complement. 19 d10+/d11+ (msb) output ddr lvds output data 10/data 11true (msb). 18 d10?/ d11? (msb) output ddr lvds output data 10/data 11complement (msb). 21 dco+ output lvds data clock outputtrue. 20 dco? output lvds data clock outputcomplement.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 11 of 32 pin no. mnemonic type description spi control 23 sclk input spi serial clock. 22 sdio input/output spi serial data i/o. 24 csb input spi chip select (active low).
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 12 of 32 typical performance characteristics avdd = 1.8 v, drvdd = 1.8 v, sample rate = maximum sample rate per speed grade, dcs enabled, 1.75 v p-p differential input, vin = ?1.0 dbfs, 32k sample, t a = 25c, unless otherwise noted. 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 08 0 70 60 50 40 30 2010 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 170msps 90.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 69.1db (70.1dbfs) sfdr = 93dbc 09996-004 figure 4. ad9634-170 single-tone fft with f in = 90.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 08 0 70 60 50 40 30 2010 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 170msps 185.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 68.5db (69.5dbfs) sfdr = 86dbc 09996-005 figure 5. ad9634-170 single-tone fft with f in = 185.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 08 0 70 60 50 40 30 2010 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 170msps 220.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 68.2db (69.2dbfs) sfdr = 84dbc 09996-006 figure 6. ad9634-170 single-tone fft with f in = 220.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 08 70 60 50 40 30 2010 0 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 09996-107 170msps 305.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 67.2db (68.2dbfs) sfdr = 86dbc figure 7. ad9634-170 single-tone fft with f in = 305.1 mhz 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 ?100 ?90 ?80 ?70 ?60 ?50 ?40 ?30 ?20 ?10 0 snr/sfdr (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) snr (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) snr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) 09996-007 figure 8. ad9634-170 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in = 90.1 mhz, f s = 170 msps 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 snr/sfdr (dbc and dbfs) input frequency (mhz) snr (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) 09996-008 figure 9. ad9634-170 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. input frequency (f in ), f s = 170 msps
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 13 of 32 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 sfdr/imd3 (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) imd3 (dbc) imd3 (dbfs) 09996-009 ?90.0 ?81.7 ?73.4 ?65.1 ?56.8 ?48.5 ?40.2 ?31.9 ?23.6 ?15.3 ?7.0 figure 10. ad9634-170 two-tone sfdr/imd3 vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in1 = 89.12 mhz, f in2 = 92.12 mhz, f s = 170 msps ?90.0 ?81.7 ?73.4 ?65.1 ?56.8 ?48.5 ?40.2 ?31.9 ?23.6 ?15.3 ?7.0 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 sfdr/imd3 (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) imd3 (dbc) imd3 (dbfs) 09996-010 figure 11. ad9634-170 two-tone sfdr/imd3 vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in1 = 184.12 mhz, f in2 = 187.12 mhz, f s = 170 msps 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 08 0 70 60 50 40 30 2010 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 170msps 89.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs 92.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs sfdr = 89dbc (96dbfs) 09996-011 figure 12. ad9634-170 two-tone fft with f in1 = 89.12 mhz, f in2 = 92.12 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 08 70 60 50 40 30 2010 0 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 170msps 184.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs 187.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs sfdr = 85dbc (92dbfs) 09996-012 figure 13. ad9634-170 two tone fft with f in1 = 184.12 mhz, f in2 = 187.12 mhz 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 snr/sfdr (dbfs and dbc) sample rate (msps) snr sfdr 09996-013 figure 14. ad9634-170 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. sample rate (f s ) with f in = 90 mhz 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 number of hits output code 0.531 lsb rms 16,384 total hits 09996-014 n ? 1 n n + 1 figure 15. ad9634-170 grounded input histogram, f s = 170 msps
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 14 of 32 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 210msps 90.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 69.1db (70.1dbfs) sfdr = 92dbc 09996-015 figure 16. ad9634-210 single-tone fft with f in = 90.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 210msps 185.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 68.6db (69.6dbfs) sfdr = 93dbc 09996-016 figure 17. ad9634-210 single-tone fft with f in = 185.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) 210msps 220.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 68.3db (69.3dbfs) sfdr = 84dbc 09996-017 frequency (mhz) figure 18. ad9634-210 single-tone fft with f in = 220.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) 210msps 305.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 67.6db (68.6dbfs) sfdr = 83dbc 09996-100 frequency (mhz) figure 19. ad9634-210 single-tone fft with f in = 305.1 mhz 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 ?100 ?90 ?80 ?70 ?60 ?50 ?40 ?30 ?20 ?10 0 snr/sfdr (dbc and dbfs) snr (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) snr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) 09996-018 input amplitude (dbfs) figure 20. ad9634-210 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in = 90.1 mhz, f s = 210 msps 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 snr/sfdr (dbc and dbfs) snr (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) 09996-019 input frequency (mhz) figure 21. ad9634-210 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. input frequency (f in ), f s = 210 msps
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 15 of 32 ?90.0 ?81.7 ?73.4 ?65.1 ?56.8 ?48.5 ?40.2 ?31.9 ?23.6 ?15.3 ?7.0 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 sfdr/imd3 (dbc and dbfs) sfdr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) imd3 (dbc) imd3 (dbfs) 09996-020 input amplitude (dbfs) figure 22. ad9634-210 two-tone sfdr/imd3 vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in1 = 89.12 mhz, f in2 = 92.12 mhz, f s = 210 msps ?90.0 ?81.7 ?73.4 ?65.1 ?56.8 ?48.5 ?40.2 ?31.9 ?23.6 ?15.3 ?7.0 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 sfdr/imd3 (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) imd3 (dbc) imd3 (dbfs) 09996-021 figure 23. ad9634-210 two-tone sfdr/imd3 vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in1 = 184.12 mhz, f in2 = 187.12 mhz, f s = 210 msps 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 105 90 75 60 45 30 15 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 210msps 89.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs 92.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs sfdr = 88dbc (95dbfs) 09996-022 figure 24. ad9634-210 two-tone fft with f in1 = 89.12 mhz, f in2 = 92.12 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 09996-023 210msps 184.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs 187.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs sfdr = 89dbc (96dbfs) 01 90 75 60 45 30 15 0 5 figure 25. ad9634-210 two tone fft with f in1 = 184.12 mhz, f in2 = 187.12 mhz 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 150 170 190 210 140 160 180 200 snr/sfdr (dbfs and dbc) sample rate (msps) snr sfdr 09996-024 figure 26. ad9634-210 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. sample rate (f s ) with f in = 90 mhz 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 number of hits output code 0.391 lsb rms 16,384 total hits 09996-025 n ? 1 n n + 1 figure 27. ad9634-210 grounded input histogram, f s = 210 msps
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 16 of 32 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 125 100 75 50 25 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 250msps 90.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 69.0db (70.0dbfs) sfdr = 89dbc 09996-026 figure 28. ad9634-250 single-tone fft with f in = 90.1 mhz 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 01 2 5 100 75 50 25 second harmonic third harmonic amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 250msps 185.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 68.7db (69.7dbfs) sfdr = 87dbc 09996-027 figure 29. ad9634-250 single-tone fft with f in = 185.1 mhz 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 ?140 0 25 50 75 100 125 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 250msps 220.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 68.3db (69.3dbfs) sfdr = 91dbc second harmonic third harmonic 09996-028 figure 30. ad9634-250 single-tone fft with f in = 220.1 mhz 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 ?140 0 25 50 75 100 125 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 250msps 305.1mhz @ ?1.0dbfs snr = 67.4db (68.4dbfs) sfdr = 82dbc second harmonic third harmonic 09996-101 figure 31. ad9634-250 single-tone fft with fi n = 305.1 mhz 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 ?100 ?90 ?80 ?70 ?60 ?50 ?40 ?30 ?20 ?10 0 snr/sfdr (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) snr (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) snr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) 09996-029 figure 32. ad9634-250 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in = 90.1 mhz, f s = 250 msps 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 snr/sfdr (dbc and dbfs) input frequency (mhz) snr (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) 09996-030 figure 33. ad9634-250 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. input frequency (f in ), f s = 250 msps
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 17 of 32 ?90.0 ?81.7 ?73.4 ?65.1 ?56.8 ?48.5 ?40.2 ?31.9 ?23.6 ?15.3 ?7.0 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 sfdr/imd3 (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) imd3 (dbc) imd3 (dbfs) 09996-031 figure 34. ad9634-250 two-tone sfdr/imd3 vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in1 = 89.12 mhz, f in2 = 92.12 mhz, f s = 250 msps ?90.0 ?81.7 ?73.4 ?65.1 ?56.8 ?48.5 ?40.2 ?31.9 ?23.6 ?15.3 ?7.0 0 ?20 ?40 ?60 ?80 ?100 ?120 sfdr/imd3 (dbc and dbfs) input amplitude (dbfs) sfdr (dbc) sfdr (dbfs) imd3 (dbc) imd3 (dbfs) 09996-032 figure 35. ad9634-250 two-tone sfdr/imd3 vs. input amplitude (a in ) with f in1 = 184.12 mhz, f in2 = 187.12 mhz, f s = 250 msps 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 0 125 100 75 50 25 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 09996-033 250msps 89.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs 92.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs sfdr = 88dbc (95dbfs) figure 36. ad9634-250 two-tone fft with f in1 = 89.12 mhz, f in2 = 92.12 mhz 09996-034 0 ?140 ?120 ?100 ?80 ?60 ?40 ?20 01 100 75 50 25 2 5 amplitude (dbfs) frequency (mhz) 250msps 184.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs 187.12mhz @ ?7.0dbfs sfdr = 88dbc (95dbfs) figure 37. ad9634-250 two tone fft with f in1 = 184.12 mhz, f in2 = 187.12 mhz 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 snr/sfdr (dbfs and dbc) sample rate (msps) snr sfdr 09996-035 figure 38. ad9634-250 single-tone snr/sfdr vs. sample rate (f s ) with f in = 90 mhz 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 number of hits output code 0.407 lsb rms 16,384 total hits 09996-036 n ? 1 n n + 1 figure 39. ad9634-250 grounded input histogram, f s = 250 msps
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 18 of 32 equivalent circuits vin a v dd 09996-037 figure 40. equivalent analog input circuit 0.9v 15k ? 15k ? clk+ clk? a v dd avdd avdd 09996-038 figure 41. equivalent clock lnput circuit d r v dd dataout+ v? v+ dataout? v+ v? 09996-039 figure 42. equivalent lvds output circuit sdio 350 ? 26k ? dr v dd 09996-040 figure 43. equivalent sdio circuit sclk 350 ? 26k ? 09996-041 figure 44. equivalent sclk input circuit csb 350 ? 26k ? a v dd 09996-042 figure 45. equivalent csb input circuit
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 19 of 32 theory of operation the ad9634 can sample any f s /2 frequency segment from dc to 250 mhz using appropriate low-pass or band-pass filtering at the adc inputs with little loss in adc performance. programming and control of the ad9634 are accomplished using a 3-pin, spi-compatible serial interface. adc architecture the ad9634 architecture consists of a front-end sample-and- hold circuit, followed by a pipelined, switched-capacitor adc. the quantized outputs from each stage are combined into a final 12-bit result in the digital correction logic. the pipelined architecture permits the first stage to operate on a new input sample and the remaining stages to operate on the preceding samples. sampling occurs on the rising edge of the clock. each stage of the pipeline, excluding the last, consists of a low resolution flash adc connected to a switched-capacitor digital- to-analog converter (dac) and an interstage residue amplifier (mdac). the mdac magnifies the difference between the reconstructed dac output and the flash input for the next stage in the pipeline. one bit of redundancy is used in each stage to facilitate digital correction of flash errors. the last stage simply consists of a flash adc. the input stage contains a differential sampling circuit that can be ac- or dc-coupled in differential or single-ended modes. the output staging block aligns the data, corrects errors, and passes the data to the output buffers. the output buffers are powered from a separate supply, allowing digital output noise to be separated from the analog core. during power-down, the output buffers go into a high impedance state. analog input considerations the analog input to the ad9634 is a differential switched-capacitor circuit that has been designed to attain optimum performance when processing a differential input signal. the clock signal alternatively switches the input between sample mode and hold mode (see the configuration shown in figure 46 ). when the input is switched into sample mode, the signal source must be capable of charging the sampling capacitors and settling within ? clock cycle. a small resistor in series with each input can help reduce the peak transient current required from the output stage of the driving source. a shunt capacitor can be placed across the inputs to provide dynamic charging currents. this passive network creates a low-pass filter at the adc input; therefore, the precise values are dependent on the application. in intermediate frequency (if) undersampling applications, reduce the shunt capacitors. in combination with the driving source impedance, the shunt capacitors limit the input bandwidth. refer to the an-742 application note , frequency domain response of switched-capacitor adcs ; the an-827 application note , a resonant approach to interfacing amplifiers to switched- capacitor adcs ; and the analog dialogue article, transformer- coupled front-end for wideband a/d converters for more information on this subject. c par1 c par1 c par2 c par2 s s s s s s c fb c fb c s c s bias bias vin+ h vin? 09996-043 figure 46. switche d-capacitor input for best dynamic performance, match the source impedances driving vin+ and vin? and differentially balance the inputs. input common mode the analog inputs of the ad9634 are not internally dc biased. in ac-coupled applications, the user must provide this bias externally. setting the device so that v cm = 0.5 avdd (or 0.9 v) is recommended for optimum performance. an on-board common- mode voltage reference is included in the design and is available from the vcm pin. using the vcm output to set the input common mode is recommended. optimum performance is achieved when the common-mode voltage of the analog input is set by the vcm pin voltage (typically 0.5 avdd). the vcm pin must be decoupled to ground by a 0.1 f capacitor, as described in the applications information section. place this decoupling capacitor close to the pin to minimize the series resistance and inductance between the part and this capacitor.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 20 of 32 differential input configurations optimum performance can be achieved when driving the ad9634 in a differential input configuration. for baseband applications, the ad8138, ada4937-1 , and ada4930-1 differential drivers provide excellent performance and a flexible interface to the adc. the output common-mode voltage of the ada4930-1 is easily set with the vcm pin of the ad9634 (see figure 47 ), and the driver can be configured in a sallen-key filter topology to provide band limiting of the input signal. v in 76.8 ? 120 ? 0.1f 200 ? 200 ? 90 ? avdd 33 ? 33 ? 15? 15? 5pf 15pf 15pf adc vin? vin+ vcm ada4930-1 0.1f 09996-044 figure 47. differential input configuration using the ada4930-1 for baseband applications where snr is a key parameter, differential transformer coupling is the recommended input configuration. an example is shown in figure 48 . to bias the analog input, connect the vcm voltage to the center tap of the secondary winding of the transformer. 2v p-p 49.9 ? 0.1f r1 r1 c1 adc vin+ vin? vcm c2 r2 r3 r2 c2 r3 0.1f 09996-045 figure 48. differential transformer-coupled configuration the signal characteristics must be considered when selecting a transformer. most rf transformers saturate at frequencies below a few megahertz. excessive signal power can also cause core saturation, which leads to distortion. at input frequencies in the second nyquist zone and above, the noise performance of most amplifiers is not adequate to achieve the true snr performance of the ad9634 . for applications where snr is a key parameter, differential double balun coupling is the recommended input configuration (see figure 49 ). in this configuration, the input is ac-coupled and the vcm voltage is provided to each input through a 33 resistor. these resistors compensate for losses in the input baluns to provide a 50 impedance to the driver. in the double balun and transformer configurations, the value of the input capacitors and resistors is dependent on the input frequency and source impedance. based on these parameters the value of the input resistors and capacitors may need to be adjusted, or some components may need to be removed. tabl e 9 displays recommended values to set the rc network for different input frequency ranges. however, these values are dependent on the input signal and bandwidth and should be used only as a starting guide. note that the values given in table 9 are for the r1, r2, r3, c1, and c2 components shown in figure 49 . table 9. example rc network freuency range m r1 series c1 differential pf r2 series c2 shunt pf r3 shunt 0 to 100 33 8.2 0 15 49.9 100 to 300 15 3.9 0 8.2 49.9 adc r1 0.1f 0.1f 2v p-p vin+ vin? vcm c1 c2 r1 r2 r2 0.1f s 0.1f c2 33? 33? s p a p r3 r3 0.1f 09996-046 figure 49. differential double balun input configuration
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 21 of 32 ad8375 ad9634 1h 1h 1nf 1nf vpos vcm 15pf 68nh 2.5k ?U 2pf 301 ? 165 ? 165 ? 5.1pf 3.9pf 180nh 1000p f 1000pf 180nh 220nh 220nh notes 1. all inductors are coilcraft 0603cs components with the exception of the 1h choke inductors (0603ls). 2. filter values shown are for a 20mhz bandwidth filter centered at 140mhz. 09996-047 figure 50. differential input configuration using the ad8375 an alternative to using a transformer-coupled input at frequencies in the second nyquist zone is to use an amplifier with variable gain. the ad8375 digital variable gain amplifier (dvga) provides good performance for driving the ad9634 . figure 50 shows an example of the ad8375 driving the ad9634 through a band-pass antialiasing filter. voltage reference a stable and accurate voltage reference is built into the ad9634. the full-scale input range can be adjusted by varying the reference voltage via spi. the input span of the adc tracks reference voltage changes linearly. clock input considerations for optimum performance, the ad9634 sample clock inputs, clk+ and clk?, should be clocked with a differential signal. the signal is typically ac-coupled into the clk+ and clk? pins by means of a transformer or a passive component configuration. these pins are biased internally (see figure 51 ) and require no external bias. if the inputs are floated, the clk? pin is pulled low to prevent spurious clocking. a v dd clk+ 4pf 4pf clk? 0.9v 09996-048 figure 51. equivalent clock input circuit clock input options the ad9634 has a very flexible clock input structure. clock input can be a cmos, lvds, lvpecl, or sine wave signal. regardless of the type of signal being used, clock source jitter is of the most concern, as described in the jitter considerations section. figure 52 and figure 53 show two preferable methods for clocking the ad9634 (at clock rates of up to 625 mhz). a low jitter clock source is converted from a single-ended signal to a differential signal using an rf balun or rf transformer. the rf balun configuration is recommended for clock frequencies between 125 mhz and 625 mhz, and the rf transformer is recommended for clock frequencies from 10 mhz to 200 mhz. the back-to-back schottky diodes across the secondary windings of the transformer limit clock excursions into the ad9634 to approximately 0.8 v p-p differential. this limit helps prevent the large voltage swings of the clock from feeding through to other portions of the ad9634 , while preserving the fast rise and fall times of the signal, which are critical for low jitter performance. 390pf 390pf 390pf schottky diodes: hsms2822 clock input 50 ? 100 ? clk? clk+ adc mini-circuits ? adt1-1wt, 1:1z xfmr 09996-056 figure 52. transformer coupled differential clock (up to 200 mhz) 390pf 390pf 390pf clock input 1nf 25 ? 25 ? clk? clk+ schottky diodes: hsms2822 adc 09996-057 figure 53. balun-coupled differential clock (up to 625 mhz) if a low jitter clock source is not available, another option is to ac couple a differential pecl signal to the sample clock input pins as shown in figure 54 . the ad9510, ad9511, ad9512, ad9513 , ad9514 , ad9515 , ad9516 , ad9517 , ad9518 , ad9520 , ad9522 , ad9523, ad9524 , adclk905 , adclk907 , and adclk925 clock drivers offer excellent jitter performance. 100 ? 0.1f 0.1f 0.1f 0.1f 240 ? 240 ? pecl driver 50k ? 50k ? clk? clk+ clock input clock input ad95xx, adclkxxx adc 09996-051 figure 54. differential pecl sample clock (up to 625 mhz)
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 22 of 32 a third option is to ac couple a differential lvds signal to the sample clock input pins, as shown in figure 55 . the ad9510 , ad9511, ad9512, ad9513 , ad9514 , ad9515 , ad9516 , ad9517 , ad9518 , ad9520 , ad9522, ad9523, ad9524 clock drivers offer excellent jitter performance. 100 ? 0.1f 0.1f 0.1f 0.1f 50k ? 50k ? clk? clk+ clock input clock input ad95xx lvds driver adc 09996-052 figure 55. differential lvds sample clock (up to 625 mhz) input clock divider the ad9634 contains an input clock divider with the ability to divide the input clock by integer values between 1 and 8. for divide ratios other than 1, the dcs is enabled by default on power-up. clock duty cycle typical high speed adcs use both clock edges to generate a variety of internal timing signals and, as a result, may be sensitive to clock duty cycle. commonly, a 5% tolerance is required on the clock duty cycle to maintain dynamic performance characteristics. the ad9634 contains a dcs that retimes the nonsampling (falling) edge, providing an internal clock signal with a nominal 50% duty cycle. this allows the user to provide a wide range of clock input duty cycles without affecting the performance of the ad9634 . jitter on the rising edge of the input clock is still of paramount concern and is not reduced by the duty cycle stabilizer. the duty cycle control loop does not function for clock rates less than 40 mhz nominally. the loop has a time constant associated with it that must be considered when the clock rate may change dynamically. a wait time of 1.5 s to 5 s is required after a dynamic clock frequency increase or decrease before the dcs loop is relocked to the input signal. during the time that the loop is not locked, the dcs loop is bypassed, and internal device timing is dependent on the duty cycle of the input clock signal. in such applications, it may be appropriate to disable the duty cycle stabilizer. in all other applications, enabling the dcs circuit is recommended to maximize ac performance. jitter considerations high speed, high resolution adcs are sensitive to the quality of the clock input. the degradation in snr at a given input frequency (f in ) due to jitter (t j ) can be calculated by snr hf = ?10 log[(2 f in t jrms ) 2 + 10 ] )10/( lf snr ? in the equation, the rms aperture jitter represents the root- mean-square of all jitter sources, which include the clock input, the analog input signal, and the adc aperture jitter specification. if undersampling applications are particularly sensitive to jitter, as shown in figure 56 . 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 1 10 100 1000 snr (dbfs) input frequency (mhz) 0.05ps 0.2ps 0.5ps 1ps 1.5ps measured 09996-054 figure 56. ad9634-250 snr vs. input frequency and jitter in cases where aperture jitter may affect the dynamic range of the ad9634 , treat the clock input as an analog signal. in addition, use separate power supplies for the clock drivers and the adc output driver to avoid modulating the clock signal with digital noise. low jitter, crystal controlled oscillators provide the best clock sources. if the clock is generated from another type of source (by gating, dividing, or another method), it should be retimed by the original clock during the last step. refer to an-501 application note , aperture uncertainty and adc system performance , and an-756 application note , sampled systems and the effects of clock phase noise and jitter , for more information about jitter performance as it relates to adcs.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 23 of 32 power dissipation and standby mode when using the spi port interface, the user can place the adc in power-down mode or standby mode. standby mode allows the user to keep the internal reference circuitry powered when faster wake-up times are required. to put the part into standby mode, set the internal power-down mode bits (bits[1:0]) in the power modes register (address 0x08) to 10. see the memory map section and an-877 application note , interfacing to high speed adcs via spi for additional details. as shown in figure 57 , the power dissipated by the ad9634 is proportional to its sample rate. the data in figure 57 was taken using the same operating conditions as those used for the typical performance characteristics section. 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0 40 55 70 85 100 115 130 145 160 175 190 205 220 235 250 total power (w) supply current (a) encode frequency (msps) total power i avdd i drvdd 09996-053 digital outputs the ad9634 output drivers can be configured for either ansi lvds or reduced swing lvds using a 1.8 v drvdd supply. as detailed in the an-877 application note , interfacing to high speed adcs via spi , the data format can be selected for offset binary, twos complement, or gray code when using the spi control. digital output enable function (oeb) the ad9634 has a flexible three-state ability for the digital output pins. the three-state mode is enabled using the spi interface. the data outputs can be three-stated by using the output enable bar bit (bit 4) in register 0x14. this oeb function is not intended for rapid access to the data bus. figure 57. ad9634-250 power and current vs. sample rate by setting the internal power-down mode bits (bits[1:0]) in the power modes register (address 0x08) to 01, the ad9634 is placed in power-down mode. in this state, the adc typically dissipates 5 mw. during power-down, the output drivers are placed in a high impedance state. timing the ad9634 provides latched data with a pipeline delay of 10 input sample clock cycles. data outputs are available one propagation delay (t pd ) after the rising edge of the clock signal. low power dissipation in power-down mode is achieved by shutting down the reference, reference buffer, biasing networks, and clock. internal capacitors are discharged when entering power- down mode and then must be recharged when returning to normal operation. as a result, wake-up time is related to the time spent in power-down mode, and shorter power-down cycles result in proportionally shorter wake-up times. minimize the length of the output data lines as well as the loads placed on these lines to reduce transients within the ad9634 . these transients may degrade converter dynamic performance. the lowest typical conversion rate of the ad9634 is 40 msps. at clock rates below 40 msps, dynamic performance can degrade. data clock output (dco) the ad9634 also provides the data clock output (dco) intended for capturing the data in an external register. figure 2 shows timing diagram of the ad9634 output modes. adc overrange (or) the adc overrange indicator is asserted when an overrange is detected on the input of the adc. the overrange condition is determined at the output of the adc pipeline and, therefore, is subject to a latency of 10 adc clock cycles. an overrange at the input is indicated by this bit 10 clock cycles after it occurs. table 10. output data format input (v) vin+ ? vin?, input span = 1.75 v p-p (v) offset binary output mode twos co mplement mode (default) or vin+ ? vin? < ?0.875 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 1 vin+ ? vin? = ?0.875 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0 vin+ ? vin? = 0 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0 vin+ ? vin? = +0.875 1111 1111 1111 0111 1111 1111 0 vin+ ? vin? > +0.875 1111 1111 1111 0111 1111 1111 1
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 24 of 32 serial port interface (spi) the ad9634 serial port interface (spi) allows the user to configure the converter for specific functions or operations through a structured register space provided inside the adc. the spi offers added flexibility and customization, depending on the application. addresses are accessed via the serial port and can be written to or read from via the port. memory is organized into bytes that can be further divided into fields. these fields are documented in the memory map section. for detailed operational information, see the an-877 application note , interfacing to high speed adcs via spi . configuration using the spi three pins define the spi of this adc: the sclk pin, the sdio pin, and the csb pin (see table 11 ). the sclk (serial clock) pin is used to synchronize the read and write data presented from and to the adc. the sdio (serial data input/output) pin is a dual-purpose pin that allows data to be sent and read from the internal adc memory map registers. the csb (chip select bar) pin is an active-low control that enables or disables the read and write cycles. table 11. serial port interface pins pin function sclk serial clock. the serial shift clock input, which is used to synchronize serial interface reads and writes. sdio serial data inp ut/output. a dual-purpose pin that typically serves as an input or an output, depending on the instruction being sent and the relative position in the timing frame. csb chip select bar. an active-low control that gates the read and write cycles. the falling edge of csb, in conjunction with the rising edge of sclk, determines the start of the framing. an example of the serial timing and its definitions can be found in figure 58 and tabl e 5 . other modes involving the csb are available. the csb can be held low indefinitely, which permanently enables the device; this is called streaming. the csb can stall high between bytes to allow for additional external timing. when csb is tied high, spi functions are placed in a high impedance mode. this mode turns on any spi pin secondary functions. during an instruction phase, a 16-bit instruction is transmitted. data follows the instruction phase, and its length is determined by the w0 and w1 bits. all data is composed of 8-bit words. the first bit of each individual byte of serial data indicates whether a read or write command is issued. this allows the serial data input/output (sdio) pin to change direction from an input to an output. in addition to word length, the instruction phase determines whether the serial frame is a read or write operation, allowing the serial port to be used both to program the chip and to read the contents of the on-chip memory. if the instruction is a readback operation, performing a readback causes the serial data input/ output (sdio) pin to change direction from an input to an output at the appropriate point in the serial frame. data can be sent in msb-first mode or in lsb-first mode. msb- first mode is the default on power-up and can be changed via the spi port configuration register. for more information about this and other features, see the an-877 application note , interfacing to high speed adcs via spi . hardware interface the pins described in table 11 comprise the physical interface between the user programming device and the serial port of the ad9634 . the sclk pin and the csb pin function as inputs when using the spi interface. the sdio pin is bidirectional, functioning as an input during write phases and as an output during readback. the spi interface is flexible enou gh to be controlled by either fpgas or microcontrollers. one method for spi configuration is described in detail in the an-812 application note , microcontroller-based serial port interface (spi) boot circuit . the spi port should not be active during periods when the full dynamic performance of the converter is required. because the sclk signal, the csb signal, and the sdio signal are typically asynchronous to the adc clock, noise from these signals can degrade converter performance. if the on-board spi bus is used for other devices, it may be necessary to provide buffers between this bus and the ad9634 to prevent these signals from transi- tioning at the converter inputs during critical sampling periods.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 25 of 32 pi . spi accessible features table 12 provides a brief description of the general features that are accessible via the spi. these features are described in detail in an-877 application note , interfacing to high speed adcs via s table 12. features accessible using the spi feature name description mode allows the user to set either power-down mode or standby mode clock allows the user to access the dcs via the spi offset allows the user to digitally adjust the converter offset test i/o allows the user to set test modes to have known data on output bits output mode allows the user to set up outputs output phase allows the user to set the output clock polarity output delay allows the user to vary the dco delay vref allows the user to set the reference voltage digital processing allows the user to enable the synchronization features don?t care don?t care don?t care don?t care sdio sclk csb t s t dh t clk t ds t h r/w w1 w0 a12 a11 a10 a9 a8 a7 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 t low t high 09996-055 figure 58. serial port interface timing diagram
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 26 of 32 memory map reading the memory map register table each row in the memory map register table has eight bit locations. the memory map is roughly divided into three sections: the chip configuration registers (address 0x00 to address 0x02), the transfer register (address 0xff), and the adc functions registers (address 0x08 to address 0x25), including setup, control, and test. the memory map register table ( tabl e 13 ) documents the default hexadecimal value for each hexadecimal address shown. the bit 7 (msb) column is the start of the default hexadecimal value given. for example, address 0x14, the output mode register, has a hexadecimal default value of 0x01. this means that bit 0 = 1 and the remaining bits are 0s. this setting is the default output format value, which is twos complement. for more information on this function and others, see the an-877 application note , interfacing to high speed adcs via spi . this document details the functions controlled by register 0x00 to register 0x25. open locations all address and bit locations that are not included in table 13 are not currently supported for this device. write 0s to unused bits of a valid address location. writing to these locations is required only when part of an address location is open (for example, address 0x18). if the entire address location is open (for example, address 0x13), do not write to this address location. default values after the ad9634 is reset, critical registers are loaded with default values. the default values for the registers are given in the memory map register table (see tabl e 13 ). logic levels an explanation of logic level terminology follows: ? bit is set is synonymous with bit is set to logic 1 or writing logic 1 for the bit. ? clear a bit is synonymous with bit is set to logic 0 or writing logic 0 for the bit. transfer register map address 0x08 to address 0x20 are shadowed. writes to these addresses do not affect part operation until a transfer command is issued by writing 0x01 to address 0xff, setting the transfer bit. this allows these registers to be updated internally and simultaneously when the transfer bit is set. the internal update takes place when the transfer bit is set, and then the bit autoclears.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 27 of 32 memory map register table all address and bit locations that are not included in table 13 are not currently supported for this device. table 13. memory map registers addr (hex) register name bit 7 (msb) bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 (lsb) default value (hex) default notes/ comments chip configurati on registers 0x00 spi port configuration 0 lsb first soft reset 1 1 soft reset lsb first 0 0x18 nibbles are mirrored so that lsb- first mode or msb-first mode is set correctly, regardless of shift mode. 0x01 chip id 8-bit chip id[7:0], ad9634 = 0x87 (default) 0x87 read only. 0x02 chip grade open open speed grade id; 00 = 250 msps 01 = 210 msps 11 = 170 msps open open open open speed grade id used to differentiate devices; read only. transfer register 0xff transfer open open open ope n open open open transfer 0x00 synchro- nously transfers data from the master shift register to the slave. adc function registers 0x08 power modes open ope n open open open open internal power-down mode 00 = normal operation 01 = full power-down 10 = standby 11 = reserved 0x00 determines various generic modes of chip operation. 0x09 global clock open open open open open open open duty cycle stabilizer (default) 0x01 0x0b clock divide open open in put clock divider phase adjust 000 = no delay 001 = 1 input clock cycle 010 = 2 input clock cycles 011 = 3 input clock cycles 100 = 4 input clock cycles 101 = 5 input clock cycles 110 = 6 input clock cycles 111 = 7 input clock cycles clock divide ratio 000 = divide by 1 001 = divide by 2 010 = divide by 3 011 = divide by 4 100 = divide by 5 101 = divide by 6 110 = divide by 7 111 = divide by 8 0x00 clock divide values other than 000 auto- matically cause the duty cycle stabilizer to become active. 0x0d test mode test mode 0 = contin- uous/ repeat pattern 1 = single pattern then zeros open reset pn long gen reset pn short gen output test mode 0000 = off (default) 0001 = midscale short 0010 = positive fs 0011 = negative fs 0100 = alternating checkerboard 0101 = pn long sequence 0110 = pn short sequence 0111 = one/zero word toggle 1000 = user test mode 1001 to 1110 = unused 1111 = ramp output 0x00 when this register is set, the test data is placed on the output pins in place of normal data.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 28 of 32 addr (hex) register name bit 7 (msb) bit 6 bit 5 bit 4 bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 (lsb) default value (hex) default notes/ comments 0x0e bist enable open open open open open reset bist sequence open bist enable 0x00 0x10 offset adjust open open offset adjust in lsbs from +31 to ?32 (twos complement format) 0x00 0x14 output mode open open open output enable bar 0 = on (default) 1 = off open output invert 0 = normal (default) 1 = inverted output format 00 = offset binary 01 = twos complement (default) 10 = gray code 11 = reserved 0x01 configures the outputs and the format of the data. 0x15 output adjust open open open ope n lvds output drive current adjust 0000 = 3.72 ma output drive current 0001 = 3.5 ma output drive current (default) 0010 = 3.30 ma output drive current 0011 = 2.96 ma output drive current 0100 = 2.82 ma output drive current 0101 = 2.57 ma output drive current 0110 = 2.27 ma output drive current 0111 = 2.0 ma output drive current (reduced range) 1000 to 1111 = reserved 0x01 0x16 clock phase control invert dco clock open open open open ope n open open 0x00 0x17 dco output delay enable dco clock delay open open dco clock delay [delay = (3100 ps regi ster value/31 + 100)] 00000 = 100 ps 00001 = 200 ps 00010 = 300 ps 11110 = 3100 ps 11111 = 3200 ps 0x00 0x18 input span select open open open full-scale in put voltage selection 01111 = 2.087 v p-p 00001 = 1.772 v p-p 00000 = 1.75 v p-p (default) 11111 = 1.727 v p-p 10000 = 1.383 v p-p 0x00 full-scale input adjustment in 0.022 v steps. 0x19 user test pattern 1 lsb user test pattern 1[7:0] 0x00 0x1a user test pattern 1 msb user test pattern 1[15:8] 0x00 0x1b user test pattern 2 lsb user test pattern 2[7:0] 0x00 0x1c user test pattern 2 msb user test pattern 2[15:8] 0x00 0x1d user test pattern 3 lsb user test pattern 3[7:0] 0x00 0x1e user test pattern 3 msb user test pattern 3[15:8] 0x00 0x1f user test pattern 4 lsb user test pattern 4[7:0] 0x00 0x20 user test pattern 4 msb user test pattern 4[15:8] 0x00 0x24 bist signature lsb bist signature[7:0] 0x00 read only. 0x25 bist signature msb bist signature[15:8] 0x00 read only.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 29 of 32 applications information design guidelines before starting system-level design and layout of the ad9634 , it is recommended that the designer become familiar with these guidelines, which describe the special circuit connections and layout requirements needed for certain pins. power and ground recommendations when connecting power to the ad9634 , it is recommended that two separate 1.8 v supplies be used: use one supply for analog (avdd) and a separate supply for digital outputs (drvdd). the designer can employ several different decoupling capacitors to cover both high and low frequencies. locate these capacitors close to the point of entry at the pc board level and close to the pins of the part with minimal trace length. a single pcb ground plane should be sufficient when using the ad9634 . with proper decoupling and smart partitioning of the pcb analog, digital, and clock sections, optimum performance can be easily achieved. exposed paddle thermal heat slug recommendations it is mandatory that the exposed paddle on the underside of the adc be connected to analog ground (agnd) to achieve the best electrical and thermal performance. a continuous, exposed (no solder mask) copper plane on the pcb should be connected to the ad9634 exposed paddle, pin 0. the copper plane should have several vias to achieve the lowest possible resistive thermal path for heat dissipation to flow through the bottom of the pcb. these vias should be filled or plugged with nonconductive epoxy. to maximize the coverage and adhesion between the adc and the pcb, overlay a silkscreen to partition the continuous plane on the pcb into several uniform sections. this provides several tie points between the adc and the pcb during the reflow process. using one continuous plane with no partitions guarantees only one tie point between the adc and the pcb. see the evaluation board for a pcb layout example. for detailed information about the packaging and pcb layout of chip scale packages, refer to the an-772 application note , a design and manufacturing guide for the lead frame chip scale package (lfcsp) . vcm decouple the vcm pin to ground with a 0.1 f capacitor, as shown in figure 48 . spi port the spi port should not be active during periods when the full dynamic performance of the converter is required. because the sclk, csb, and sdio signals are typically asynchronous to the adc clock, noise from these signals can degrade converter performance. if the on-board spi bus is used for other devices, it may be necessary to provide buffers between this bus and the ad9634 to keep these signals from transitioning at the converter input pins during critical sampling periods.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 30 of 32 outline dimensions 08-16-2010-b 1 0.50 bsc bottom view top view pin 1 indicator 32 9 16 17 24 25 8 exposed pad p i n 1 i n d i c a t o r seating plane 0.05 max 0.02 nom 0.20 ref coplanarity 0.08 0.30 0.25 0.18 5.10 5.00 sq 4.90 0.80 0.75 0.70 for proper connection of the exposed pad, refer to the pin configuration and function descriptions section of this data sheet. 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.25 min * 3.75 3.60 sq 3.55 * compliant to jedec standards mo-220-whhd-5 with exception to exposed pad dimension. figure 59. 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] 5 mm 5 mm body, very very thin quad (cp-32-12) dimensions shown in millimeters ordering guide model 1 temperature range package description package option ad9634bcpz-250 ?40c to +85c 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] cp-32-12 ad9634bcpzrl7-250 ?40c to +85c 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] cp-32-12 AD9634BCPZ-210 ?40c to +85c 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] cp-32-12 ad9634bcpzrl7-210 ?40c to +85c 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] cp-32-12 ad9634bcpz-170 ?40c to +85c 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] cp-32-12 ad9634bcpzrl7-170 ?40c to +85c 32-lead lead frame chip scale package [lfcsp_wq] cp-32-12 ad9634-170ebz evaluation board with ad9634 and software ad9634-210ebz evaluation board with ad9634 and software ad9634-250ebz evaluation board with ad9634 and software 1 z = rohs compliant part.
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 31 of 32 notes
ad9634 rev. 0 | page 32 of 32 notes ?2011 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. d09996-0-7/11(0)

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